Dr Ray O’Connor examines the latest clinical literature on overall lifestyle health, including dietary and sleep health.
Several recent papers investigating various aspects of lifestyle are worth noting. Recent reviews on various diets1 Although many diets have been developed with the initial aim of weight management, we conclude that dietary composition also has important health benefits independent of its effects on obesity.
Dr. Ray O’Connor
An overall review of the literature shows that plant-based foods with moderate fat content are characterized by low to moderate intake of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes or legumes, nuts, and unsaturated fats. It has been suggested that a diet of Poultry, seafood, and small amounts of red meat and sugar can have significant health benefits.
A Mediterranean diet may be an option for at least some population groups. Educating health care professionals about diet and its potential impact on disease is essential. Advice on healthy eating should be integrated into clinical practice and taught in medical curricula, and health professionals should develop plant-based diet variations that take into account personal preferences, cost, affordability, and cultural issues. I need to make a suggestion.
The future association between total and group ultra-processed foods (UPF) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains to be determined. Purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis2 The study aimed to assess the association of total and group-specific UPF intake with CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke in three large prospective cohorts of U.S. adults. And so.
UPF intake was assessed through food frequency questionnaires in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS; n = 75,735), Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII; n = 90,813), and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS; n = 40,409). I did. In conclusion, total UPF intake is inversely associated with CVD and CHD risk in U.S. adults, supported by prospective studies from multiple countries, which also suggest a slight excess in stroke risk. Masu.
Poor sleep health is associated with increased all-cause mortality and the incidence of many chronic diseases. Here the authors use objectively measured longitudinal sleep data from commercially available wearable devices (linked with electronic health record data from the “All of Us” research program) to determine sleep stages, duration, and This study shows that sleep patterns, including duration and regularity, are associated with chronic diseases. incident.3
Of the 6,785 participants included in the study, 71 percent were female, 84 percent identified as white, and 71 percent had a college degree. Median age was 50.2 years, and median duration of sleep monitoring was 4.5 years. As a result, rapid eye movement sleep and deep sleep were inversely correlated with the probability of developing atrial fibrillation, and increases in sleep irregularity were associated with the probability of developing obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, major depressive disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder. was found to be associated with an increase in
Furthermore, a J-shaped association was observed between average daily sleep time and hypertension, major depressive disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder. These findings indicate that sleep stages, sleep duration, and regularity are all important factors associated with the development of chronic diseases.
Current U.S. physical activity (PA) guidelines require at least 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per week for good health. Similar step-by-step recommendations have not been issued due to insufficient evidence.
Purpose of this cohort study4 We aimed to examine the association between MVPA time and step count with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study analyzed data from an ongoing follow-up study of survivors of the Women’s Health Study. A total of 14,399 women (mean age 71.8 years) were included.
Median MVPA time and steps were 62 minutes per week and 5,183 steps per day, respectively. The authors concluded that the results suggest that MVPA time and step count are qualitatively similar in their association with all-cause mortality and CVD in women aged 62 years and older. Therefore, future guidelines should consider step-based goals as well as time-based goals, depending on individual preference.
References:
Yanakoulia M et al. Nutrition in medicine: Diet. N Engl J Med 2024;390:2098-106. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra2211889 Mendoza K et al. Ultra-processed foods and cardiovascular disease: Analysis of three large prospective cohorts in the United States and a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. The Lancet Regional Health – Americas 2024;37: 100859 Published online on September 2, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2024.100859 Zheng N et al. Sleep patterns and chronic disease risk measured by long-term monitoring using commercially available wearable devices in the All of Us Research Program. Nature Medicine 2024. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03155-8 Hamaya R et al. Time-based and step-based physical activity indicators for health. JAMA intern doctor. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0892 Published online on May 20, 2024.
